Articles

Underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms in childhood irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects a large number of children throughout the world. The symptom expression of IBS is heterogeneous, and several factors which may be interrelated within the IBS biopsychosoc...

Authors: Bruno P. Chumpitazi and Robert J. Shulman

Fructose malabsorption

Incomplete intestinal absorption of fructose might lead to abdominal complaints such as pain, flatulence and diarrhoea. Whether defect fructose transporters such as GLUT5 or GLUT2 are involved in the pathogene...

Authors: Karolin Ebert and Heiko Witt

Genetics of irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common condition with a complex and largely unknown etiology. There is no cure, and treatment options are mainly directed to the amelioration of symptoms. IBS causes reduced...

Authors: Maria Henström and Mauro D’Amato

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells—a key mediator for regeneration after perinatal morbidity?

Perinatal complications in both term- and preterm-born infants are a leading cause of neonatal morbidities and mortality. Infants face different challenges in the neonatal intensive care unit with long-term mo...

Authors: Martin Mueller, Tim G. A. Wolfs, Andreina Schoeberlein, Antonio W. D. Gavilanes, Daniel Surbek and Boris W. Kramer

The clinical consequences of sucrase-isomaltase deficiency

Primary sucrase-isomaltase deficiency, originally thought to be a homozygous recessive disorder, has been found to have numerous genetic variants that alone or in combination (compound heterozygosity) express ...

Authors: Stanley A. Cohen

Milk glucosidase activity enables suckled pup starch digestion

Starch requires six enzymes for digestion to free glucose: two amylases (salivary and pancreatic) and four mucosal maltase activities; sucrase-isomaltase and maltase-glucoamylase. All are deficient in suckling...

Authors: B. L. Nichols, M. Diaz-Sotomayor, S. E. Avery, S. K. Chacko, D. L. Hadsell, S. S. Baker, B. R. Hamaker, L. K. Yan, H. M. Lin and R. Quezada-Calvillo

Towards understanding microvillus inclusion disease

Microvillus inclusion disease (MVID) is characterised by onset of intractable life-threatening watery diarrhoea during infancy. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrates shortening or absence of apical mic...

Authors: Georg F. Vogel, Michael W. Hess, Kristian Pfaller, Lukas A. Huber, Andreas R. Janecke and Thomas Müller

The multiple roles of sucrase-isomaltase in the intestinal physiology

Osmotic diarrhea and abdominal pain in humans are oftentimes associated with carbohydrate malabsorption in the small intestine due to loss of function of microvillar disaccharidases. Disaccharidases are crucia...

Authors: Birthe Gericke, Mahdi Amiri and Hassan Y. Naim

The role of hypoxia in intestinal inflammation

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of the intestine. IBD is a multifactorial disorder, and IBD-associated genes are critical in innate immune response, inflammatory re...

Authors: Yatrik M. Shah

Expression and function of histamine and its receptors in atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis constitutes a most burdensome chronic inflammatory skin disease. Standard treatment is cumbersome and often targets its main symptom, pruritus, only insufficiently.

Authors: M. Albrecht and A. M. Dittrich

Pluripotent stem cells for disease modeling and drug screening: new perspectives for treatment of cystic fibrosis?

Despite continuous improvements in treating clinical symptoms and the identification of single compounds that effectively rescue some rare mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (...

Authors: Ulrich Martin

Post stroke hemi-dystonia in children: a neglected area of research

Childhood arterial ischemic stroke (CAIS) is increasingly recognized as an important cause of significant long-term morbidity in the pediatric population. Post stroke movement disorders, above all hemi-dystoni...

Authors: Daniel Tibussek, Ertan Mayatepek, Dirk Klee and Anne Koy

Airway reactivity and sphingolipids—implications for childhood asthma

Asthma is a clinically heterogeneous disorder, whose onset and progression results from a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility, allergens, and viral triggers. Sphingolipids and altered sphingolipid...

Authors: Jennie G. Ono, Tilla S. Worgall and Stefan Worgall

GM-CSF and the role of myeloid regulatory cells in the pathogenesis and treatment of Crohn’s disease

Intestinal monocytes/macrophages sustain the intestinal immune homeostasis and might be an attractive therapeutic target for the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Granulocyte macrophage colony-s...

Authors: Jan Däbritz

Modified mRNA as a new therapeutic option for pediatric respiratory diseases and hemoglobinopathies

The immunogenicity and limited stability of conventional messenger RNA (mRNA) has traditionally restricted its potential therapeutic use. In 1992, the first clinical application of mRNA was reported as a poten...

Authors: Justin S. Antony, Alexander Dewerth, Ashiqul Haque, Rupert Handgretinger and Michael S.D. Kormann

Stent implantation into the tracheo-bronchial system in rabbits: histopathologic sequelae in bare metal vs. drug-eluting stents

Stent implantation into the tracheo-bronchial system may be life-saving in selected pediatric patients with otherwise intractable stenosis of the upper airways. Following implantation, significant tissue proli...

Authors: Matthias Sigler, Julia Klötzer, Thomas Quentin, Thomas Paul and Oliver Möller

Lessons learned from metabolomics in cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis is a mono-genetic multi-system disease; however, respiratory manifestations cause the main morbidity and mortality where chronic bacterial infections lead to bronchiectasis and ultimately respi...

Authors: Marianne S. Muhlebach and Wei Sha

Mutations in CCNO and MCIDAS lead to a mucociliary clearance disorder due to reduced generation of multiple motile cilia

Authors: J Wallmeier, M Boon, D Al Mutairi, NT Loges, L Ma, C-T Chen, H Olbrich, P Pennekamp, T Menchen, G Dougherty, C Werner, M Jaspers, M Griese, E Horak, C Körner-Rettberg, S Schmitt-Grohé…

MYCN transcriptionally represses CD9 to trigger an invasion-metastasis cascade in neuroblastoma

Authors: Johannes Fabian, Desirée Opitz, Kristina Althoff, Marco Lodrini, Kathy Astrahantseff, Barbara Hero, Ruth Volland, Anneleen Beckers, Katleen de Preter, Nitin S Patil, Mohammed L Abba, Theresa M Thole, Jasmin Wünschel, Annette Künkele, Jamie Hu, Leonille Schweizer…

Quantitative stress echocardiography in pediatric patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus

Authors: Kai O Hensel, Franziska Grimmer, Markus Roskopf, Andreas Heusch, Andreas Jenke and Stefan Wirth

Identification of a putative new therapeutical target for Hodgkin's lymphoma

Authors: Stefanie Kewitz, Ines Volkmer and Martin S Staege

Introduction of formula feeding induces subclinical inflammation and altered chromatin structure in the intestine of preterm pigs

Authors: Rhea Willems, Verena Rybicki, Pingping Jiang, Per Torp Sangild, René Liang Shen, Kai O Hensel, Stefan Wirth, Jan Postberg and Andreas C Jenke

What we learned from bench to bedside with the neuroblastoma targeting CD171-specific CAR

Authors: A Künkele, AJ Johnson, C Berger, L Finn, J Park and MC Jensen

A potential role of PI3K inhibition in radiotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme

Authors: Julia Langhans, Lukas Schneele, Klaus-Michael Debatin and Mike-Andrew Westhoff

Myeloid regulatory cells: cross talk of innate and adaptive immunity to maintain the intestinal immune homeostasis in inflammatory bowel disease

Authors: Jan Däbritz, Toni Weinhage, Georg Varga, Timo Wirth, Jan M Ehrchen, Louise M Judd, Trevelyan R Menheniott, Andrew S Giraud and Dirk Foell

Hypoxia potentiates cytotoxicity of LPS-activated microglial BV2 cells in vitro by synergistic effects on cytokine and nitric oxide secretion

Authors: Susan Jung, Daniel Frey, Florian Brackmann, Mandy Richter-Kraus and Regina Trollmann

Modern chronic heart failure therapy in context of pulmonary banding to avoid heart transplantation

Authors: S Recla, B Steinbrenner, T Logeswaran, L Rüblinger, D Schmidt, J Bauer, C Apitz, J Thul and D Schranz

A regulatory SNP modifies cystic fibrosis by disrupting NFκB complex binding on FAS

Authors: Chidiebere U Awah, Silke Hedtfeld, Burkhard Tümmler and Frauke Stanke

Impact of embryonic Fgf10 expression deficiency on embryonic mouse lung development and repair following hyperoxia injury

Authors: CM Chao, D Al Alam, S Schermuly, H Ehrhardt, KP Zimmer and S Bellusci

Singleton-Merten Syndrome: a rare autoimmune disorder caused by a specific IFIH1 mutation

Authors: I Buers, Y Nitschke, RC Hennekam, M MacDougall, C Lu, O Mamaeva, GI Rice, H Erlandsen, HG Kehl, H Thiele, P Nürnberg, W Höhne, YJ Crow, A Feigenbaum and F Rutsch

Integrated genomics elucidates relative spatial homogeneity of embryonal brain tumors

Authors: Marc Remke, Florence Cavalli, A Sorana Morrissy, Vijay Ramaswamy, David Jones, Roger Packer, Eric Bouffet, Gary Bader, Arndt Borkhardt, Stefan Pfister, Nada Jabado, Marco Marra and Michael D Taylor

Cilia-associated cellular function of the AAA ATPases RUVBL1 and RUVBL2

Authors: Claudia Dafinger, Markus Rinschen, Carolin Ehrenberg, Mareike Franke, Heike Göbel, Jörg Dötsch, Thomas Benzing, Bernhard Schermer and Max Christoph Liebau

A translational approach to dystroglycanopathies: a frequent type of muscular dystrophy

Authors: Sebahattin Cirak, Haicui Wang, Raul Heredia, Francesco Muntoni, Yetrib Hathout, Peter Herkenrath, Jörg Dötsch and Peter Nürnberg

Mutations in the NKX2.1 and the PAX8 genes in a boy with thyroid dysgenesis, respiratory and neurological disorders

Authors: Pia Hermanns, Małgorzata Kumorowicz-Czoch and Joachim Pohlenz

TMEM18 is a regulator of adipogenesis and involved in PPARG signalling in vivo

Authors: Kathrin Landgraf, Julian Schwartze, Denise Rockstroh, Wieland Kiess and Antje Körner

Nexilin mutations are associated with left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy

Authors: E Pardun, K Wenzel, H-H Kramer, F Berger, B Gerull and S Klaassen

Disturbed B-lymphocytes selection in autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome

Authors: Aleš Janda, Klaus Schwarz, Mirjam van der Burg, Werner Vach, Hanna Ijspeert, Myriam Ricarda Lorenz, Magdeldin Elgizouli, Kathrin Pieper, Paul Fisch, Joachim Hagel, Raquel Lorenzetti, Maximilian Seidl, Joachim Roesler, Fabian Hauck, Elisabetta Traggiai, Carsten Speckmann…

Regulation of PACAP receptors in respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of preterms and newborns

Authors: MJ Müller, A Kislat, A Hippe, A Poppe, S Goldmann, T Paul and S Seeliger

Differential expression of mucosal trefoil factors and mucins in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases

Authors: Andreas C Jenke, Veronika Boland, Jan Postberg, Silvia Vogel, Daniel Gödde, Matthias Zilbauer, Robert Heuschkel, Stefan Wirth and Kai O Hensel

Neutralization of interleukin-17 produced by gamma delta T cells constrains inflammation in experimental biliary atresia

Authors: Christian Klemann, Arne Schröder, Anika Dreier, Nora Moehn, Stephanie Dippel, Thomas Winterberg, Anne Wilde, Yi Yu, Faikah Gueler, Anne Joerns, Eva Tolosa, Johannes Leonhardt, Jan D Haas, Immo Prinz, Claus Petersen and Joachim F Kuebler

Is the implementation of a microbiological surveillance screening beneficial in a neonatal intensive care unit?

Authors: I Schmeh, A Welk, T Schwanz, A Diefenbach, B Jansen and E Mildenberger

Functional genomic screening reveals asparagine dependence as a metabolic vulnerability in sarcoma

Authors: Simone Hettmer, Anna C Schinzel, Daria Tchessalova, Nigel Richards, William C Hahn and Amy J Wagers

Novel orphan medicines and abandoned pathways - the US Orphan Drug Act of 1983 and the impact on rare rheumatologic diseases and lysosomal storage disorders

Authors: Markus Ries, Thomas Lutz, Anette Lampert, William Mountford, Konstantin Mechler and Georg F Hoffmann

Neuroprotection after infection-sensitized neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury

Authors: Hemmen Sabir, Damjan Osredkar, Elke Maes, Thomas Wood and Marianne Thoresen

Simultaneously double infection of oncolytic viruses leads to addition of cell death induction in glioblastoma cell lines

Authors: Michael Ehrhardt, Julia Frank, Sigrun Smola and Norbert Graf

Pursuing novel molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies to enhance lung growth in neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD)

Authors: Miguel A Alejandre Alcazar, Mark Kaschwich, Stefanie Preuss, Robert Ertsey, Sana Mujahid, Eva Rother, Katharina Dinger, Jörg Dötsch, Marlene Rabinovitch and Richard Bland

Fibrocystin in MDCK cells: impact on cell adhesion and epithelial morphogenesis

Authors: Birga Sötje, Dieter Haffner and Wolfgang H Ziegler

Ciliopathies - from rare inherited cystic kidney diseases to basic cellular function

Primary cilia are membrane-bound microtubule-based protuberances of the cell membrane projecting to the extracellular environment. While little attention was paid to this subcellular structure over a long time...

Authors: Sandra Habbig and Max Christoph Liebau

Submicroscopic copy-number variations associated with 46,XY disorders of sex development

Mutations in known causative genes and cytogenetically detectable chromosomal rearrangements account for a fraction of cases with 46,XY disorders of sex development (DSD). Recent advances in molecular cytogene...

Authors: Masafumi Kon and Maki Fukami

Metabolic origins of childhood asthma

Childhood obesity and incidence of asthma are increasing globally. The parallel increase of the two suggests that obesity and asthma may be related and that abnormalities in the lipid and/or glucose metabolism...

Authors: Hartmut Grasemann