Fig. 5
From: Relevance and consequence of chronic inflammation for obesity development
Pathophysiology from the healthy liver to NASH. In response to pathogens and FFAs pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced within the hepatic tissue by RHMs, Kupffer cells, and hepatocytes. Dietary fat due to HFD leads to lipid accumulation within the liver. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially an overactivation of NFκB lead to the activation of HSC, which in turn produces extracellular matrix contributing to the progression of fibrosis. Kupffer cells undergo apoptosis in a state of increased inflammation and are replaced by RHMs