Aims
In recent years, the role of gut flora in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn´s Disease (CD) has become focus of intense research. The working hypothesis is that an altered microbiota causes mucosal inflammation in a genetically susceptible individual. Understanding the microbiota´s role in the pathogenesis of the disease is essential for new IBD treatments aimed in shifting the intestinal bacterial flora back to a physiological homeostasis, particularly relevant for children not responding to conventional therapy.