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  1. Although the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) tends to be lower in children, it can still lead to severe illness, particularly among those with chronic medical conditions. While remdesivir (RDV)...

    Authors: Abigail Schulz, Natalie Huynh, Margaret Heger and Mustafa Bakir
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2024 11:2
  2. Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a prototypical autoinflammatory syndrome associated with phagocytic cell activation. Pyrin mutations are the genetic basis of this disease, and its expression has been sho...

    Authors: G. Varga, S. Schleifenbaum, U. Koenig, J. Waldkirch, C. Hinze, C. Kessel, W. Geluk, T. Pap, Elke Lainka, Tilmann Kallinich, D. Foell and H. Wittkowski
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:19
  3. Onasemnogene abeparvovec has been life-changing for children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), signifying the potential and progress occurring in gene- and cell-based therapies for rare genetic diseases. Hen...

    Authors: Michelle A. Farrar, Loudella Calotes-Castillo, Ranil De Silva, Peter Barclay, Lani Attwood, Julie Cini, Monica Ferrie and Didu S. Kariyawasam
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:17
  4. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children associated with COVID-19 (MIS-C) is a late complication of pediatric COVID-19, which follows weeks after the original SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of its sever...

    Authors: Adam Klocperk, Marketa Bloomfield, Zuzana Parackova, Ludovic Aillot, Jiri Fremuth, Lumir Sasek, Jan David, Filip Fencl, Aneta Skotnicova, Katerina Rejlova, Martin Magner, Ondrej Hrusak and Anna Sediva
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:15
  5. Differential diagnosis in children with signs of unprovoked inflammation can be challenging. In particular, differentiating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) from other diagnoses is difficult. We h...

    Authors: Dirk Foell, Melanie Saers, Carolin Park, Ninna Brix, Mia Glerup, Christoph Kessel, Helmut Wittkowski, Claas Hinze, Lillemor Berntson, Anders Fasth, Charlotte Myrup, Ellen Nordal, Marite Rygg, Henrik Hasle, Birgitte Klug Albertsen, Troels Herlin…
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:14
  6. Scientific scrutiny has proved the safety and benefits of caffeine to treat apnoea of prematurity (AOP). However, there is no consensus on the effects of this treatment on sleep, especially considering the key...

    Authors: Ana Renata Pinto de Toledo, Higor Arruda Caetano, Jovito Adiel Skupien, Carina Rodrigues Boeck, Humberto Fiori and Rosane Souza da Silva
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:13
  7. Many inborn errors of immunity (IEI) manifest with hallmarks of both immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation due to uncontrolled immune responses and impaired immune homeostasis. A subgroup of these disorder...

    Authors: Vasil Toskov and Stephan Ehl
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:11
  8. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused significant pulmonary morbidity and mortality in the adult population. Children and adolescents typically show milder symptoms; however, a relevant proportion of them report ...

    Authors: Sebastian Felix Nepomuk Bode, Anja Schwender, Monika Toth, Christine Kaeppler-Schorn, Ute Siebeneich, Joachim Freihorst, Ales Janda and Dorit Fabricius
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:10
  9. Clinical studies suggest that female sex plays a protective role in the development and progression of kidney disease. Recent experimental studies indicate that in male rats early nephron loss under ongoing ne...

    Authors: Carlos Menendez-Castro, Nada Cordasic, Fabian B. Fahlbusch, Joachim Woelfle, Karl F. Hilgers and Andrea Hartner
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:8
  10. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are important components of human milk having diverse functions in the development of infants. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that infant formulas with...

    Authors: Frank Jochum, Martina Meyer-Krott, Tina Hübler, Maja Lorenz, Raffi Bedikian, Joseph Zakarian, Anja Litzka, Guido Judex, Holger Hertzberg, Daniela Klee, Lothar Maurer, Martin Schacht, Adnan Al-Radhi, Jan Maier, Alexander Kröckel, Christian Faustmann…
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:7
  11. Metamizole is an analgesic, antipyretic, and spasmolytic drug in Germany only approved for the treatment of severe pain or high fever that does not respond to other measures. In recent years, an increased use ...

    Authors: Markos K. Tomidis Chatzimanouil, Ines Goppelt, Yvonne Zeissig, Ulrich J. Sachs and Martin W. Laass
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:6
  12. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a rare autoimmune/inflammatory disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Approximately 15–20% of SLE patients develop the disease during childhood or adolescence (...

    Authors: Valentina Natoli, Amandine Charras, Gabriele Hahn and Christian M. Hedrich
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:5
  13. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a multifactorial disease occurring as a consequence of premature birth, as well as antenatal and postnatal injury to the developing lung. BPD morbidity and severity depend o...

    Authors: I. Mižíková and B. Thébaud
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:4
  14. Advances in molecular biology are improving our understanding of the genetic causes underlying human congenital lower urinary tract (i.e., bladder and urethral) malformations. This has recently led to the iden...

    Authors: Caroline M. Kolvenbach, Gabriel C. Dworschak, Johanna M. Rieke, Adrian S. Woolf, Heiko Reutter, Benjamin Odermatt and Alina C. Hilger
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:2
  15. Catheterization of the umbilical vessels has proven to be an effective and relatively rapid method for gaining central vascular access in neonates. However, it can be technically difficult, the procedure may l...

    Authors: Katarzyna Gendera, Stanimir Georgiev, Peter Ewert, Stefan Eckstein, Christoph Fusch and Niels Rochow
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2023 10:1
  16. Non-invasive cardiac imaging has a growing role in diagnosis, differential diagnosis, therapy planning, and follow-up in children and adolescents with congenital and acquired cardiac diseases. This review is b...

    Authors: Meinrad Beer, Björn Schönnagel, Jochen Herrmann, Steffen Klömpken, Matthias Schaal, Michael Kaestner, Christian Apitz and Horst Brunner
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:21
  17. Insulin is used to treat neonatal hyperglycaemia when blood glucose concentrations are consistently high, and to treat neonatal diabetes. Within this brief report, a review of the existing literature is conduc...

    Authors: Paola Mian, Mathieu S. Bolhuis, J. Marina Maurer and Margriet van Stuijvenberg
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:20
  18. Shigellosis is one of the acute bowel infections and remains a serious public health problem in resource-poor countries. The present study aimed to survey the distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-...

    Authors: Sahar Sabour, Amir Teimourpour, Jafar Mohammadshahi, Hadi Peeridogaheh, Roghayeh Teimourpour, Taher Azimi and Zahra Hosseinali
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:19
  19. Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) is a rare disease occurring in the first days of life. Characteristically, the infants show hard nodules in subcutaneous tissue, purple or erythematous in color ...

    Authors: Leonie Frank, Stephanie Brandt and Martin Wabitsch
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:18
  20. In the neonatal lung, exposure to both prenatal and early postnatal risk factors converge into the development of injury and ultimately chronic disease, also known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The focu...

    Authors: Motaharehsadat Heydarian, Christian Schulz, Tobias Stoeger and Anne Hilgendorff
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:16
  21. Authors: Christoph Bührer, Regina Ensenauer, Frank Jochum, Hermann Kalhoff, Berthold Koletzko, Burkhard Lawrenz, Walter Mihatsch, Carsten Posovszky and Silvia Rudloff
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:15

    The original article was published in Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:14

  22. Human milk contains more than 150 different oligosaccharides, which together are among to the quantitatively predominant solid components of breast milk. The oligosaccharide content and composition of human mi...

    Authors: Christoph Bührer, Regina Ensenauer, Frank Jochum, Hermann Kalhoff, Berthold Koletzko, Burkhard Lawrenz, Walter Mihatsch, Carsten Posovszky and Silvia Rudloff
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:14

    The Correction to this article has been published in Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:15

  23. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global burden affecting both children and adults. Novel imaging modalities hold great promise to visualize and quantify structural, functional, and molecular organ damage. The...

    Authors: Colin A. Goebel, Emma Brown, Fabian B. Fahlbusch, Alexandra L. Wagner, Adrian Buehler, Thomas Raupach, Martin Hohmann, Moritz Späth, Neal Burton, Joachim Woelfle, Michael Schmidt, Andrea Hartner, Adrian P. Regensburger and Ferdinand Knieling
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:13
  24. Different gastrointestinal pathogens cause diarrhea which is a very common problem in children aged under 5 years. Among bacterial pathogens, Shigella is one of the main causes of diarrhea among children, and it ...

    Authors: Ahmad Nasser, Mehrdad Mosadegh, Taher Azimi and Aref Shariati
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:12
  25. Ultrasound elastography (USE) is a modality that in addition to fundamental B-mode, Doppler, and contrast-enhanced sonography is suitable to make qualitative and quantitative statements about the stiffness of ...

    Authors: Hans-Joachim Mentzel, Katja Glutig, Stephanie Gräger, Paul-Christian Krüger and Matthias Waginger
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:11
  26. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly emerging as regulators across human development and disease, and many have been described in the context of hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. These studies have y...

    Authors: Sina Neyazi, Michelle Ng, Dirk Heckl and Jan-Henning Klusmann
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:10
  27. Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffer from inflammation and reactive metabolite-induced stress, which massively accelerates tissue and vascular aging. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the preferred dial...

    Authors: Maria Bartosova, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis and Claus Peter Schmitt
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:9
  28. Even more than 50 years after its initial description, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains one of the most important and lifelong sequelae following premature birth. Tremendous efforts have been undertake...

    Authors: Lena Holzfurtner, Tayyab Shahzad, Ying Dong, Lisa Rekers, Ariane Selting, Birte Staude, Tina Lauer, Annesuse Schmidt, Stefano Rivetti, Klaus-Peter Zimmer, Judith Behnke, Saverio Bellusci and Harald Ehrhardt
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:7
  29. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is the first-line therapy for pediatric-onset Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. CEDATA-GPGE® is the largest patient registry for children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel ...

    Authors: Sarah Peters, Serdar Cantez and Jan De Laffolie
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:6
  30. To examine whether uni-ventricular palliation (UVP) and bi-ventricular repair (BVR) result in a different pattern of systemic inflammatory response to pediatric cardiac surgery with extra-corporeal circulation...

    Authors: Matthias Sigler, Hatem Rouatbi, Jaime Vazquez-Jimenez and Marie-Christine Seghaye
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:5
  31. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common genetic disorder in the Caucasian population. Despite remarkable improvements in morbidity and mortality during the last decades, the disease still limits survival and r...

    Authors: Alexander Kiefer, Erika Plattner, Renate Ruppel, Christel Weiss, Zhe Zhou-Suckow, Marcus Mall, Marcus Renner and Hanna Müller
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:4
  32. The PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) encompasses several different syndromes, which are linked to an autosomal-dominant mutation of the tumor suppressor PTEN gene on chromosome 10. Loss of PTEN activity leads...

    Authors: Michaela Plamper, Bettina Gohlke and Joachim Woelfle
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:3
  33. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic patterns of aminoglycoside resistance among the Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) isolates collected from pediatric and general hospital...

    Authors: Leila Azimi, Shahnaz Armin, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Nafiseh Abdollahi, Kiarash Ghazvini, Sepide Hasanzadeh, Shahram Shahraki Zahedani, Sedigheh Rafiei Tabatabaei and Fatemeh Fallah
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:2
  34. Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) is involved in innate immunity and epithelial differentiation. It has been proven to play a role in various states of inflammation or hypoxia of fetal gastrointestin...

    Authors: Sonja Diez, Manuel Besendörfer, Veronika Weyerer, Arndt Hartmann, Julia Moosmann, Christel Weiss, Marcus Renner and Hanna Müller
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2022 9:1
  35. Childhood asthma derives from complex host-environment interactions occurring in the perinatal and infant period, a critical time for lung development. Sphingolipids are bioactive molecules consistently implic...

    Authors: Emily Wasserman and Stefan Worgall
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2021 8:22
  36. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) continues to be one of the most common complications of prematurity, despite significant advancement in neonatology over the last couple of decades. The new BPD is characterize...

    Authors: Mitali Sahni and Vineet Bhandari
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2021 8:21
  37. Vascular Malformations belong to the spectrum of orphan diseases and can involve all segments of the vascular tree: arteries, capillaries, and veins, and similarly the lymphatic vasculature. The classification...

    Authors: Vanessa F. Schmidt, Max Masthoff, Michael Czihal, Beatrix Cucuruz, Beate Häberle, Richard Brill, Walter A. Wohlgemuth and Moritz Wildgruber
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2021 8:19
  38. Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children is characterized by massive proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia and usually responds well to steroids. However, relapses are frequent, which can require multi-drug t...

    Authors: Agnes Hackl, Seif El Din Abo Zed, Paul Diefenhardt, Julia Binz-Lotter, Rasmus Ehren and Lutz Thorsten Weber
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2021 8:18
  39. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has improved survival in high-risk childhood leukemia but is associated with long-term sequelae such as impaired pulmonary function and reduced ex...

    Authors: Katharina Ruf, Alaa Badran, Céline Siauw, Imme Haubitz, Paul-Gerhardt Schlegel, Helge Hebestreit, Christoph Härtel and Verena Wiegering
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2021 8:16
  40. Cardiovascular complications are the major cause of the marked morbidity and mortality associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The classical cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension ...

    Authors: Julia Schlender, Felix Behrens, Victoria McParland, Dominik Müller, Nicola Wilck, Hendrik Bartolomaeus and Johannes Holle
    Citation: Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 2021 8:17