From: Modulation of CYP2E1 metabolic activity in a cohort of confirmed caffeine ingesting pregnant women with preterm offspring
Source
Caffeine
n = 84
Paraxanthine
n = 81
Theobromine n = 84
Theophylline
Maternal plasma
1.18 (1.15)
0.12 (0.17)
0.46 (0.47)
0.08 (0.11)
Neonatal plasma
1.28 (1.37)
0.16 (0.20)
0.47 (0.60)
0.12 (0.12)