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Table 1 Selected clinical OAI studies

From: Shedding light on pediatric diseases: multispectral optoacoustic tomography at the doorway to clinical applications

Anatomical region/organ

Chromophores

Wavelength (nm)

Clinical output

References

Non-melanoma skin cancer

HbR, HbO2, melanin

700, 715, 730, 760, 780, 790, 800, 825, 850, 900

Mapping and visualization of skin cancer

[13, 14]

Skin (hair follicles)

HbR, HbO2, melanin, lipids

660–1300

Measurement of the structural and physiological features of intact hair follicles

[15]

Vasculature

HbR, HbO2

700–850

Noninvasive diagnosis and monitoring of vascular malformations

[16]

HbR, HbO2

700–960

Clinical flow-mediated dilatation measurements

[17]

HbO2. HbR, SO2

730, 750, 800, 830

Visualization of blood vessels, microvasculature and the respective oxygen saturation

[18]

HbO2, HbR, melanin

730, 760, 790, 820, 850

Real-time visualization of blood vessels in 3D

[19, 20]

HbO2, HbR, SO2

760, 850

Movement correction and artifact-free imaging

[21]

HbO2, HbR, melanin

700, 720, 740, 760, 780, 800, 820, 840, 860

Human angiography

[22, 23]

HbO2, HbR

680–950, 1064

Visualization of human carotid artery

[24]

Sentinel lymph node (SLN)

Melanin, ICG

700, 730, 760, 800, 850, 900

Identification of SLNs

[25]

Melanin, ICG

700, 730, 760, 800, 850

Metastatic status of lymph nodes

[26]

Hb, methylene blue

650, 1064

Identification of SLNs

[27]

Inflammatory bowel disease

HbT, HbO2, HbR, SO2

700, 730, 760, 800, 850, 900

Inflammatory disease activity in Crohn’s disease

[28, 29]

Breast (cancer)

HbT, HbO2, HbR, SO2

700, 730, 760, 800, 850

Characterization of healthy tissue and malignant lesions

[30]

HbO2, HbR, water, lipid

700–970 (10 nm steps)

 

[31]

HbO2, HbR

730, 760, 850

 

[32]

Thyroid

HbT, HbO2, HbR, SO2, water, lipids

700, 730, 760, 800, 850, 900, 920, 950

Non-invasive diagnostics by tissue characterization

[33]

–

–

Optical features of thyroid anatomy

[34]

HbO2, HbR, water, lipid

760, 850, 930, 970

Differentiation between malignant and benign thyroidal nodules

[35]

HbO2

1064

Photoacoustic/ultrasound dual imaging of human thyroid cancer

[36]

Systemic sclerosis

HbT, HbO2, HbR

700, 730, 750, 800, 850

Disease activity

[37]

Muscle

HbT, HbO2, HbR, lipids, collagens

680, 700, 730, 760, 800, 850, 920, 1000, 1030, 1064, 1100

Disease extent in DMD patients

[38]

  1. HbR deoxygenated hemoglobin, HbO2 oxygenated hemoglobin, HbT total hemoglobin, SO2 MSOT-derived oxygen saturation