Fig. 2

Distinct roles of HIF-1α and HIF-2α in IBD. Activation of HIF-1α increases barrier protective genes and activates a protective innate immune response and antimicrobial response. HIF-2α activation in the intestine leads to an increase in pro-inflammatory mediators and decrease barrier integrity and results in increase susceptibility to colon tumors. ARNT aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, HIF hypoxia-inducible factor